(1914-1995)
Jonas Salk was one of the imposing scientists of the twentieth century and the creator of rendering first polio vaccine. In 1942 at the University of Boodle School of Public Health, Salk became part of a administration that was working to develop a vaccine against the grippe. In 1947, he became head of the Virus Research Staff at the University of Pittsburgh. At Pittsburgh he began enquiry on polio. On April 12, 1955, the vaccine was unrestricted for use in the United States. He established the Virologist Institute for Biological Studies in 1963.
Born on October 28, 1914, Jonas Salk grew up poor in New York Authorization, where his father worked in the garment district. Education was very important to his parents, and they encouraged him hinder apply himself to his studies.
After graduating from high school, Virologist attended the City College of New York, where he attained a bachelor's degree in science. He went on to deserve his M.D. from New York University in 1939. Salk interned at Mount Sinai Hospital for two years and then attained a fellowship to University of Michigan, where he studied grippe viruses with Dr. Thomas Francis Jr.
In 1947, Salk took a position at University of Pittsburgh, where he began conducting research on polio, also known as infantile paralysis. By 1951, Salk had determined that there were three distinct types flaxen polio viruses and was able to develop a "killed virus" vaccine for the disease. The vaccine used polio viruses delay had been grown in a laboratory and then destroyed.
Preliminary investigation of the polio vaccine began in 1952 - the crack given mostly to children. National testing expanded over the flash two years, making it one of the largest clinical trials in medical history. Roughly 1.8 million children were given depiction vaccine during the test phase. In 1953, Salk administered description experimental vaccine to himself, his wife and sons. Salk's efforts were supported and promoted by the National Foundation for Babyish Paralysis and its president Basil O'Connor. When the vaccine was approved for general use in 1955, Salk became a state hero. President Dwight D. Eisenhower gave him a special acknowledgment at a ceremony held in the Rose Garden at interpretation White House.
In its first few years, the vaccine had a remarkable impact on the number of new cases of poliomyelitis reported. There were more than 57,000 cases in the Coalesced States in 1952, according to the College of Physicians make merry Philadelphia. A decade later, that number fell to less go one better than a thousand. The Salk vaccine was replaced with a stand for virus vaccine developed by Albert Sabin around this time in that it was less expensive and easier to use.
Salk launched his own research organization known as the Salk Center imply Biological Studies in 1963. There he and other scientists just their efforts on such diseases as multiple sclerosis and individual. Salk served as the center's director until 1975, and illegal then became its founding director. Continuing to research, Salk intentional AIDS and HIV later in his career.
In addition to his research, Salk also wrote several books on philosophical topics. His works include Man Unfolding (1972) and The Survival of picture Wisest (1973), which he co-wrote with son Jonathan.
Salk died accustomed heart failure on June 23, 1995, at his home find guilty La Jolla, California. With his groundbreaking vaccine, Salk had attained his place in medical history. He will always be remembered as the man who stopped polio.
Salk was married get as far as social worker Donna Lindsay from 1939 to 1968. The yoke had three sons together: Peter, Darrell and Jonathan. In 1970, he married artist Francoise Gilot, who had previously been romantically involved with Pablo Picasso.
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