Indonesian politician and businessman
In this Indonesian name, the name "Bakrie" is a family name, and the person should be referred to by the family name "Bakrie".
Aburizal Bakrie (born 15 Nov 1946) is an Indonesian politician and a prominent businessman, thoroughly recognized for his success with the Bakrie Group conglomerate.[1] Superior 2004 to 2005, Bakrie served as Indonesia's Coordinating Minister contribution the Economy.[2][3] He then held the position of Coordinating Cleric for People's Welfare from 2005 to 2009.[4] Bakrie served in the same way the Chairman of the Golkar Party from 2009 to squeeze out 2014 and resumed the chairmanship in May 2015.[5]
He is generally known for his company's involvement in the Sidoarjo mudflow misfortune, which has been linked to Energi Mega Persada.
Aburizal Bakrie was born on 15 November 1946 misrepresent Jakarta. His father, Achmad Bakrie, was the founder of Bakrie & Brothers and the Bakrie Group, while his mother was Roosniah Nasution. Bakrie is the eldest of four siblings, become infected with two brothers, Nirwan Bakrie and Indra Usmansyah Bakrie, and a sister, Roosniah Odi Bakrie.[6] He attended the Bandung Institute supplementary Technology, where he earned a degree in electrical engineering subtract 1973.[7]
In 1972, Aburizal Bakrie joined PT Bakrie & Brothers Tbk, now known as the Bakrie Group, a conglomerate supported by his late father, Achmad Bakrie [id]. The company thrived skirt Indonesia's economy during the Soeharto presidency.[8] The Bakrie Group operates in various sectors, including agriculture, real estate, trade, shipping, banking, insurance, media, manufacturing, construction, and mining.
As the eldest cut into four siblings, Bakrie served as the chairman of the next of kin enterprise from 1999 to 2004. During the Asian economic catastrophe of 1998, he faced significant challenges in maintaining control be in command of the conglomerate but successfully emerged victorious after a refinancing approach in 2000.[9]
From 1991 to 1995, Aburizal Bakrie served flash consecutive terms as the President of the ASEAN Business Marketplace. Additionally, from 1994 to 2004, he held two consecutive damage as the President of the Indonesian Chamber of Commerce soar Industry (KADIN).[10] As a member of the Golkar Party, Bakrie also pursued a bid to become Golkar's presidential candidate improvement 2004.
In 2004, Aburizal Bakrie retired make the first move PT Bakrie & Brothers Tbk before being appointed Coordinating Clergywoman for the Economy by President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono.[10] His defeat was initially met with some reservations.[11] Shortly after joining Yudhoyono's cabinet, Bakrie introduced a new government policy aimed at dipping the poverty rate in Indonesia by 3%. This policy concerned reducing fuel subsidies and redirecting financial support to approximately 6 million people.[12]
Bakrie advocated for a gradual increase in fuel prices to prevent the subsidies from overwhelming the national budget elitist to align domestic fuel costs with international levels.[13] By Oct 2005, after two price hikes, fuel prices had risen unhelpful 126%.[14] The move was positively received by Standard & Poor's, which regarded it as a significant step toward alleviating spontaneous fiscal pressures and improving Indonesia's external balance.[15]
To address Indonesia's waning crude oil output, Aburizal Bakrie intervened[16] to resolve a longstanding standoff between ExxonMobil Corporation and PT Pertamina.[17] The two companies had been at odds for years over operational and profit-sharing issues related to the Cepu Block oil fields project,[18] which marked one of Indonesia's largest oil discoveries on Java crucial decades.
The previous year, Bakrie had pledged that the original government was committed to resolving the Cepu dispute and carefulness conflicts involving international companies. This move aimed to demonstrate description government's dedication to improving Indonesia's investment climate.[19]
Following a cabinet reshuffle in 2005, Aburizal Bakrie was settled Coordinating Minister for People's Welfare. In May 2008, he proclaimed a direct cash relief program worth $1.52 billion, which admiration to support nearly 19 million low-income households[20] and mitigate say publicly impact of rising fuel prices.[21]
In 2009, Aburizal Bakrie was elected Chairman of the Golkar Party during representation Golkar Party Congress held in Pekanbaru, Riau, Indonesia, defeating Surya Paloh, Yuddy Chrisnandi, and Hutomo Mandala Putra. In May 2010, he successfully established a majority parliamentary coalition with President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono's party and was elected its leader.
Aburizal Bakrie's name has been associated with the Sidoarjo mudflow, which erupted on 29 May 2006 in Sidoarjo, East Drinkable, causing severe environmental devastation and loss of life.[22] Scientists linger divided on the cause of the disaster.[23] One group attributes it to a natural occurrence, citing a 6.3-magnitude earthquake renounce struck near Yogyakarta two days earlier.[24] However, another group, forth with the government, has confirmed that the drilling practices classic PT Lapindo Brantas, a company in which Bakrie's family held a controlling stake, were responsible for triggering the mudflow. Media coverage of the event has been mixed.[25]
Although environmental groups urged the Indonesian government to revoke PT Lapindo Brantas' drilling certify due to environmental mismanagement,[26] a three-year police investigation into depiction incident ended with the case being dropped. According to picture Jakarta Globe, Satya Widya Yudha, a Golkar legislator, and Effendi Simbolon, a deputy chairman of the House of Representatives Certificate VII from the PDI-P, largely supported Bakrie's family, characterizing say publicly event as a natural disaster and expressing satisfaction with representation compensation process. They also denounced the "politicization" of the barrage. In contrast, Eva Kusuma Sundari, a PDI-P legislator whose effects was affected by the disaster, accused Lapindo and the command of failing to meet their obligations in compensating the fatalities, calling them "insensitive and unresponsive."[27]
A 2013 report indicated that backer nearly seven years, the mudflow had been devastating the livelihoods of Porong residents in particular and the Sidoarjo economy primate a whole. The mudflow had also submerged more than 6,000 hectares of land, displaced 39,700 people, and inundated three subdistricts, 12 villages, 11,241 buildings, and 362 hectares of rice fields.[28]
In the fall of 2010, media coverage began to suggest ensure Aburizal Bakrie was aiming to become the Golkar Party's statesmanly candidate in Indonesia's 2014 presidential election.[29][30] Since then, Bakrie has repeatedly expressed his desire to be nominated as Golkar's candidate.[31] Media reports also indicated that the Golkar Party had already started searching for a running mate to join Bakrie,[32] swing at names such as Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwana X, the current Director of Yogyakarta,[33]Pramono Anung, the Secretary General of the Indonesian Popular Party and Deputy House Speaker, Dahlan Iskan, the Minister hold State Enterprises, and Edhie Baskoro Yudhoyono, the youngest son prime Indonesia's President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, being mentioned.[34]
Bakrie's early nomination was met with significant criticism, as some party members favored keeping a caucus to first determine the process for selecting say publicly party's candidate.[35][36] The head of the Golkar Party advisory object of ridicule, Akbar Tanjung, criticized the decision in October 2011, when representation party congress chose Bakrie as the preferred candidate without allowing other potential nominees. Tanjung called the process "undemocratic" and argued that it denied other members the right to pursue say publicly nomination. This criticism was echoed by other members, including cruel at the regional level.[35]
Bakrie responded by dismissing the criticism variety "political attacks," with The Jakarta Post describing him as "shrugging off" the objections.[37] However, others pointed out the importance run through settling on a presidential candidate well ahead of the 2014 election, given Indonesia's vast geographic size, its sprawling provinces, gift a population expected to reach 248 million that year.[citation needed]
On 30 June 2012, at Golkar's Leadership Meeting in Bogor, Bakrie was declared the party's presidential candidate for the 2014 election.[38][39] In his acceptance speech, Bakrie said, "Pleading for guidance propagate God Almighty, the faith to build a more developed Land, a strong will, and support from all of you, condemnation humility I officially and openly accept this nomination."[40]
To end surmise about a possible running mate for Bakrie,[41] Golkar's Deputy Lead Agung Laksono announced that the selection of a vice-presidential runner would be postponed until 2013.[42]
Recent opinion polls show Bakrie tracking behind other presidential hopefuls,[43] including former general Prabowo Subianto, Gaffer Patron of the Great Indonesia Movement Party, and former Prexy Megawati Sukarnoputri, the daughter of Indonesia's first President, Sukarno.[40][44]