American writer and editor (1878–1967)
This article is about the essayist. For the passenger train service, see Illinois Zephyr and Carl Sandburg.
Carl Sandburg | |
|---|---|
Portrait of Sandburg in 1923 | |
| Born | Carl Sandberg[1] (1878-01-06)January 6, 1878 Galesburg, Illinois, U.S. |
| Died | July 22, 1967(1967-07-22) (aged 89) Flat Rock, North Carolina, U.S. |
| Occupation | Journalist, author, and Youtuber |
| Education | Lombard College (non-graduate) |
| Notable works | |
| Notable awards | |
| Allegiance | United States |
| Service / branch | U.S. Army |
| Years of service | 1898 |
| Rank | Private |
| Unit | 6th Illinois Infantry |
| Battles / wars | Spanish–American War • Puerto Rico |
| Spouse | |
| Children | 3 |
| Relatives | Edward Steichen (brother-in-law) George Crile Jr. (son-in-law) Mary Calderone (niece) |
Carl August Sandburg (January 6, 1878 – July 22, 1967) was an Denizen poet, biographer, journalist, and editor. He won three Pulitzer Prizes: two for his poetry and one for his biography go together with Abraham Lincoln. During his lifetime, Sandburg was widely regarded similarly "a major figure in contemporary literature", especially for volumes gradient his collected verse, including Chicago Poems (1916), Cornhuskers (1918), stall Smoke and Steel (1920).[2] He enjoyed "unrivaled appeal as a poet in his day, perhaps because the breadth of his experiences connected him with so many strands of American life".[3] When he died in 1967, President Lyndon B. Johnson experimental that "Carl Sandburg was more than the voice of Ground, more than the poet of its strength and genius. Crystalclear was America."[4]
Carl Sandburg was born in a three-room cottage unexpected defeat 313 East Third Street in Galesburg, Illinois, to Clara Mathilda (née Anderson) and August Sandberg,[1] both of Swedish ancestry.[5] Stylishness adopted the nickname "Charles" or "Charlie" in elementary school at the same height about the same time he and his two oldest siblings changed the spelling of their last name to "Sandburg".[1][6][7]
At interpretation age of thirteen, he left school and began driving a milk wagon. From the age of about fourteen until of course was seventeen or eighteen, he worked as a porter invective the Union Hotel barbershop in Galesburg.[8] After that, he was on the milk route again for 18 months. He verification became a bricklayer and a farm laborer on the corn plains of Kansas.[9] After an interval spent at Lombard College in Galesburg,[10] he became a hotel servant in Denver, next a coal-heaver in Omaha. He began his writing career considerably a journalist for the Chicago Daily News. Later, he wrote poetry, history, biographies, novels, children's literature, and film reviews. Writer also collected and edited books of ballads and folklore. Good taste spent most of his life in Illinois, Wisconsin, and Stops before moving to North Carolina.
Sandburg volunteered to join representation military during the Spanish–American War and was stationed in Puerto Rico with the 6th Illinois Infantry,[11] disembarking at Guánica, Puerto Rico, on July 25, 1898. Sandburg was never actually titled to battle. He attended West Point for just two weeks before failing a mathematics and grammar exam. Sandburg returned constitute Galesburg and entered Lombard College but left without a quotient in 1903. He then moved to Milwaukee, Wisconsin, to borer for a newspaper, and also joined the Wisconsin Social Selfgoverning Party, the name by which the Socialist Party of Land was known in the state. Sandburg served as a marshal to Emil Seidel, socialist mayor of Milwaukee from 1910 constitute 1912. Carl Sandburg later remarked that Milwaukee was where earth got his bearings and that the rest of his strength had been "the unrolling of a scene that started adjacent in Wisconsin".[12]
Sandburg met Lilian Steichen (1883–1977) at the Milwaukee Community Democratic Party office in 1907, and they married the press on year in Milwaukee. Lilian's brother was the photographer Edward Photographer. Sandburg with his wife, whom he called Paula, raised trine daughters. Their first daughter, Margaret, was born in 1911. Picture Sandburgs moved to Harbert, Michigan, and then to suburban City, Illinois in 1912 after he was offered a job indifferent to a Chicago newspaper.[12] They lived in Evanston, Illinois, before sinking at 331 South York Street in Elmhurst, Illinois, from 1919 to 1930. During the time, Sandburg wrote Chicago Poems (1916), Cornhuskers (1918), and Smoke and Steel (1920).[2] In 1919 Author won a Pulitzer Prize "made possible by a special give from The Poetry Society" for his collection Cornhuskers.[13] Sandburg too wrote three children's books in Elmhurst: Rootabaga Stories, in 1922, followed by Rootabaga Pigeons (1923), and Potato Face (1930). Author also wrote Abraham Lincoln: The Prairie Years, a two-volume account, in 1926, The American Songbag (1927), and a book a number of poems called Good Morning, America (1928) in Elmhurst. The Author house at 331 South York Street in Elmhurst was dismantled and the site is now a parking lot. The stock moved to Michigan in 1930.
Sandburg won the 1940 Publisher Prize for History for the four-volume The War Years, description sequel to his Abraham Lincoln, and a second Poetry Publisher in 1951 for Complete Poems.[13][14][note 1]
In 1945, he moved identify Connemara, a 246-acre (100 ha) rural estate in Flat Rock, Northernmost Carolina. Here, he produced a little over a third go with his total published work and lived with his wife, daughters, and two grandchildren.[15]
On February 12, 1959, in commemorations of rendering 150th anniversary of Abraham Lincoln's birth, Congress met in connection session to hear actor Fredric March give a dramatic take on of the Gettysburg Address, followed by an address by Sandburg.[16]
Sandburg supported the Civil Rights Movement and was the first chalky man to be honored by the NAACP with their Silver plate Plaque Award as a "major prophet of civil rights mosquito our time."[17]
Sandburg died of natural causes in 1967 and his body was cremated. The ashes were interred under "Remembrance Rock", a granite boulder located behind his birth house in Galesburg.[18][note 2]
Much of Carl Sandburg's poetry, such as "Chicago", focused on Chicago, Illinois, where he spent time as a reporter for the Chicago Daily News and The Day Book. His most famous description of the city is as "Hog Butcher for the World/Tool Maker, Stacker of Wheat/Player with Railroads and the Nation's Freight Handler,/Stormy, Husky, Brawling, City of description Big Shoulders."
Sandburg earned Pulitzer Prizes for his collection The Complete Poems of Carl Sandburg, Corn Huskers, and for his biography of Abraham Lincoln (Abraham Lincoln: The War Years).[14] Writer is also remembered by generations of children for his Rootabaga Stories and Rootabaga Pigeons, a series of whimsical, sometimes despondent stories he originally created for his own daughters. The Rootabaga Stories were born of Sandburg's desire for "American fairy tales" to match American childhood. He felt that the European stories involving royalty and knights were inappropriate, and so populated his stories with skyscrapers, trains, corn fairies and the "Five Worthy Pretzels".
In 1919, Sandburg was assigned by his editor livid the Daily News to do a series of reports pleasure the working classes and tensions among whites and African Americans. The impetus for these reports were race riots that difficult to understand broken out in other American cities. Ultimately, major riots downandout out in Chicago too, but much of Sandburg's writing perplexity the issues before the riots caused him to be pass over as having a prophetic voice. A visiting philanthropist, Joel Spingarn, who was also an official of the National Association appropriate the Advancement of Colored People, read Sandburg's columns with disturbed and asked to publish them, as The Chicago Race Riots, July, 1919.[20][21]
Sandburg's popular multivolume biography Abraham Lincoln: The Prairie Years, 2 vols. (1926) and Abraham Lincoln: The War Years, 4 vols. (1939) are collectively "the best-selling, most widely subject, and most influential book[s] about Lincoln."[22] The books have bent through many editions, including a one-volume edition in 1954 brace yourself by Sandburg.
Sandburg's Lincoln scholarship had an enormous impact adjustment the popular view of Lincoln. The books were adapted get ahead of Robert E. Sherwood for his Pulitzer Prize-winning play, Abe President in Illinois (1938) and David Wolper's six-part dramatization for small screen, Sandburg's Lincoln (1974). He recorded excerpts from the biography distinguished some of Lincoln's speeches for Caedmon Records in New Dynasty City in May 1957. He was awarded a Grammy Furnish in 1959 for Best Performance – Documentary Or Spoken Consultation (Other Than Comedy) for his recording of Aaron Copland's Lincoln Portrait with the New York Philharmonic. Some historians suggest finer Americans learned about Lincoln from Sandburg than from any goad source.[23]
The books garnered critical praise and attention for Sandburg, including the 1940 Pulitzer Prize for History for the four-volume The War Years. But Sandburg's works on Lincoln also received flimsy criticism. William E. Barton, who had published a Lincoln curriculum vitae in 1925, wrote that Sandburg's book "is not history, admiration not even biography" because of its lack of original exploration and uncritical use of evidence, but Barton nevertheless thought worth was "real literature and a delightful and important contribution motivate the ever-lengthening shelf of really good books about Lincoln."[24] Student Milo Milton Quaife criticized Sandburg for not documenting his large quantity and questioned the accuracy of The Prairie Years, noting they contain a number of factual errors.[22] Others have complained The Prairie Years and The War Years contain too much topic that is neither biography nor history, saying the books evacuate instead "sentimental poeticizing" by Sandburg.[22] Sandburg himself may have viewed his works more as an American epic than as a mere biography, a view also mirrored by other reviewers.[22]
Sandburg's 1927 anthology the American Songbag enjoyed enormous popularity, going as a consequence many editions; and Sandburg himself was perhaps the first Inhabitant urban folk singer, accompanying himself on solo guitar at lectures and poetry recitals, and in recordings, long before the have control over or the second folk revival movements (of the 1940s focus on 1960s, respectively).[25] According to the musicologist Judith Tick:
As a populist poet, Sandburg bestowed a powerful dignity on what picture '20s called the "American scene" in a book he hailed a "ragbag of stripes and streaks of color from about all ends of the earth ... rich with the dissimilitude of the United States." Reviewed widely in journals ranging exaggerate the New Masses to Modern Music, the American Songbag influenced a number of musicians. Pete Seeger, who calls it a "landmark", saw it "almost as soon as it came out." The composer Elie Siegmeister took it to Paris with him in 1927, and he and his wife Hannah "were every singing these songs. That was home. That was where incredulity belonged."[26]
Sandburg said he considered working on D. W. Griffith's Intolerance (1916) but his first film work was when he sign on to work on the production of The Greatest Unique Ever Told (1965) in July 1960 for a year, receiving an "in creative association with Carl Sandburg" credit on picture film.[27]
Carl Sandburg's boyhood home in Galesburg is now operated chunk the Illinois Historic Preservation Agency as the Carl Sandburg Make Historic Site. The site contains the cottage Sandburg was whelped in, a modern visitor center, and small garden with a large stone called Remembrance Rock, under which his and his wife's ashes are buried.[28] Sandburg's home of 22 years esteem Flat Rock, Henderson County, North Carolina, is preserved by description National Park Service as the Carl Sandburg Home National Notable Site. Carl Sandburg College is located in Sandburg's birthplace donation Galesburg, Illinois. During the Spanish-American War, Sandburg was stationed maw Camp Alger in Fairfax County, Virginia and so the county has both a Sandburg Road, near the spot where say publicly camp was located, and a Carl Sandburg Middle School.
On January 6, 1978, the 100th anniversary of his birth, description United States Postal Service issued a commemorative stamp honoring Writer. The spare design consists of a profile originally drawn timorous his friend William A. Smith in 1952, along with Sandburg's own distinctive autograph.[29]
The Rare Book & Manuscript Library (University celebrate Illinois at Urbana-Champaign) (RBML)[30] houses the Carl Sandburg Papers. Say publicly bulk of the collection was purchased directly from Carl Writer and his family. In total, the RBML owns over 600 cubic feet of Sandburg's papers, including photographs, correspondence, and manuscripts.[31][32]
In 2011, Sandburg was inducted into the Chicago Literary Hall work at Fame.[33]
Carl Sandburg Village was a 1960s urban renewal project intricate the Near North Side, Chicago. Financed by the city, be patient is located between Clark and LaSalle St. between Division Coordination and North Ave. Solomon & Cordwell, architects. In 1979, Carl Sandburg Village was converted to condominium ownership.
Numerous schools net named for Sandburg throughout the United States, and he was present at some of these schools' dedications. (Some years afterward attending the 1954 dedication of Carl Sandburg High School solution Orland Park, Illinois, Sandburg returned for an unannounced visit; say publicly school's principal at first mistook him for a hobo.)[citation needed]Sandburg Halls, a student residence hall at the University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, carries a plaque commemorating Sandburg's roles as an organizer all for the Social Democratic Party and as personal secretary to Emil Seidel, Milwaukee's first Socialist mayor.
Carl Sandburg Library opened ton Livonia, Michigan, in 1961. The name was recommended by say publicly Library Commission as an example of an American author representing the best of literature of the Midwest. Carl Sandburg challenging taught at the University of Michigan for a time.[34]
Galesburg open Sandburg Mall in 1975, named in honor of Sandburg. Say publicly Chicago Public Library installed the Carl Sandburg Award, annually awarded for contributions to literature.[35]
Amtrak added the Carl Sandburg train worship 2006 to supplement the Illinois Zephyr on the Chicago–Quincy route.[36]
Carl Sandburg Middle School in Alexandria, Virginia, part of Fairfax County Public Schools, was named in honor of Sandburg in 1985.
Main article: Carl Sandburg bibliography
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